Read the causes of transformer accidents in one article

Now electronic products are indispensable in society, and for electronic products, the safety and reliability of power supply is the basis of operation, but the heart of electric energy is the transformer, and the accident of the transformer may lead to a power outage or a power outage in some lines, which will affect the normal operation of electronic products.

The transformer generally uses high-grade insulating materials, such as cotton yarn, nylon, cotton cloth, natural silk, synthetic resin insulating board, insulating transformer oil, cardboard and fiberboard and similar organic materials made of insulating materials, most of these materials are good insulators, light weight and strong, can block the current, and the resistivity is very high, but the disadvantage is that these materials are combustible substances with a large thermal expansion rate. When the transformer runs beyond the rated temperature, the combustible insulating materials and insulating oil inside the transformer will be easily decomposed and burned by high temperature or arc action, causing fire, and the danger of explosion is great under high pressure and high temperature.

Therefore, in order to prepay the transformer in the event of such an accident, we must study the causes of the transformer accident in detail:

1. Winding insulation aging or damage resulting in short circuit

If the insulator of the transformer winding is subjected to overload heating or the effect of transformer oil acidification and corrosion, its insulation performance will deteriorate, the voltage resistance will decrease, and even lose the insulation effect; When the insulating material of the transformer is aged or damaged, it may cause a short circuit between the windings and between the layers, and the arc generated by the short circuit will cause the windings to burn or explode.

2. Poor contact

Between the coils and coils and between the coils and joints of the transformer, if the connection is not good, it may be loose or disconnected and produce electric sparks or arcs; When the transformer is running, the contact will loosen due to the vibration generated. The above two reasons may cause excessive contact resistance, overheating inside the transformer and high temperature causing combustion and explosion.

3. Short circuit of load

The transformer oil runs at high temperatures all year round, and when the load is short-circuited, the transformer is subjected to huge short-circuit current, and the transformer may also be burned.

4. Lightning overvoltage

The transformer is susceptible to the overvoltage generated by lightning strikes, which breaks down the insulation of the transformer, burns the transformer, and causes fire.

5. Ignition from external fire sources

The high temperature of the outside world or the short circuit caused by the animal approaching the live part can cause the transformer to catch fire or explode.

6. Careless maintenance, damage insulation

During maintenance, the coil or insulation is often damaged due to the unprofessionalism of the maintenance staff or carelessness.

7. The oil quality is not good, and the oil quantity is too small

The insulation strength of transformer insulating oil will be greatly reduced after moisture, impurities or other oil stains are mixed into the oil due to carelessness in storage, transportation or operation and maintenance. A short circuit occurs when its dielectric strength decreases to a certain value. A little more understanding is the only way to prevent it from happening.